Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing diabetes insipidus. To reduce symptoms, your health care professional may suggest you eat a diet that is low in salt and protein to help your kidneys make less urine.
In some cases, these changes alone may be enough to keep your symptoms under control, particularly if you have nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The NIDDK conducts and supports clinical trials in many diseases and conditions, including kidney diseases.
The trials look to find new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease and improve quality of life. Clinical trials—and other types of clinical studies —are part of medical research and involve people like you. When you volunteer to take part in a clinical study, you help doctors and researchers learn more about disease and improve health care for people in the future. Find out if clinical studies are right for you.
Griffin P. Rodgers explaining the importance of participating in clinical trials. You can view a filtered list of clinical studies on diabetes insipidus that are open and recruiting at www. You can expand or narrow the list to include clinical studies from industry, universities, and individuals; however, the National Institutes of Health does not review these studies and cannot ensure they are safe. Always talk with your health care provider before you participate in a clinical study.
The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. How common is diabetes insipidus? Who is more likely to have diabetes insipidus? What are the complications of diabetes insipidus? What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus? What causes diabetes insipidus?
How do health care professionals diagnose diabetes insipidus? How do health care professionals treat diabetes insipidus? How do eating, diet, and nutrition affect diabetes insipidus?
Clinical Trials for Diabetes Insipidus What is diabetes insipidus? Are diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus the same? In diabetes mellitus, the level of glucose in your blood, also called blood sugar, is too high.
Your kidneys try to remove the extra glucose by passing it in your urine. Diabetes insipidus is rare, affecting about 1 in 25, people worldwide. You are more likely to develop the condition if you 1,2 have a family history of diabetes insipidus had brain surgery or a major head injury take medicines that can cause kidney problems, including some bipolar disorder medicines and diuretics have metabolic disorders high blood calcium or low blood potassium levels What are the complications of diabetes insipidus?
Symptoms of dehydration may include thirst dry mouth feeling dizzy or light-headed when standing feeling tired difficulty performing simple mental tasks nausea fainting Seek care right away Severe dehydration can lead to seizures , permanent brain damage, and even death. Seek care right away if you feel confused dizzy sluggish What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Female urinary system Open pop-up dialog box Close. Female urinary system Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine.
Pituitary gland and hypothalamus Open pop-up dialog box Close. Pituitary gland and hypothalamus The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus are located within the brain and control hormone production. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references AskMayoExpert. Diabetes insipidus and polyuria child. Mayo Clinic; Garrahy A, et al. Diagnosis and management of central diabetes insipidus in adults. Clinical Endocrinology.
Diabetes insipidus. Accessed Jan. Melmed S, et al. Posterior pituitary. In: Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. Elsevier; Ferri FF. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Kochhar RS, et al. Robertson GL, et al. Diabetes insipidus: Differential diagnosis and management. Vasopressin controls the amount of water excreted by the kidneys. Diabetes insipidus can be caused by two flaws in this process: the hypothalamus isn't making enough vasopressin or the kidneys aren't responding to the hormone.
Either way, the result is the loss of too much water in the urine, leading to the characteristic symptom of excessive thirst. There are various forms of diabetes insipidus Theforms of diabetes insipidus are categorised by cause and include: Neurogenic - the brain doesn't produce enough of the hormone vasopressin. Some of the events that could cause this form of diabetes insipidus include head injury, infection such as meningitis , brain tumour, ruptured aneurysm or brain surgery.
In about half of cases, the cause remains unknown idiopathic neurogenic diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic - the kidneys aren't sensitive to vasopressin and fail to respond. This comparatively rare form of diabetes insipidus is caused by an inherited disorder that affects the tubules, the tiny structures inside the kidneys that absorb water. Men are more prone to this condition than women.
In adults nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can be caused by treatment with lithium and by hypercalcemia. Possible complications Without medical treatment, the possible complications of diabetes insipidus include: Chronic dehydration Low body temperature Accelerated heart rate Weight loss Fatigue Frequent headaches Low blood pressure hypotension Kidney damage Brain damage.
Diagnosis methods Diabetes insipidus is diagnosed using a number of tests including: Medical history Physical examination Urine analysis Blood tests - to measure electrolyte levels Water deprivation test to see how much urine is passed Magnetic resonance imaging MRI scan of the brain Computed tomography CT scans.
Treatment options Treatment for diabetes insipidus DI depends on the cause. For DI that is associated with decreased vasopressin production, replacement of vasopressin is required. This is usually given by sniffing a small amount of vasopressin that can be absorbed through the lining of the nose. For DI that is associated with reduced or absent response to vasopressin, adequate replacement of fluids is necessary.
Options include: Drink plenty of fluids. Switch to a low salt diet. Medications like hydrochlorothiazide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may help. Some forms of DI, such as those that occur following head injury or neurosurgery or during pregnancy, resolve with time.
It is caused by the lack of sufficient vasopressin, a hormone produced by the brain that instructs the kidneys to retain water. Treatment options include vasopressin replacement.
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