Dialysis is a way to remove extra salt, acid, potassium and waste products from the blood. The 2 types of dialysis are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis: For hemodialysis, a tube catheter is stuck into one of the veins in your neck or leg. Preferably, an access, or arteriovenous fistula, is constructed in the arm. Hemodialysis is most often done 3 times a week for 3 to 4 hours at a time. Peritoneal dialysis: Peritoneal dialysis is done through a tube permanently set in your belly.
Fluid is then run into the abdomen, takes out the extra salt and potassium and water, and then removed. Most adults have dialysis done in an outpatient hemodialysis center. Most children have peritoneal dialysis done at home. Peritoneal dialysis has a number of advantages and is becoming more frequently used in adults in the US. A kidney transplant is when a surgeon puts a healthier kidney from another person into your body. Kidney transplant is the best way to treat many patients with end stage kidney disease.
Kidneys for transplant come from people who have agreed to donate their kidneys when they die deceased donors or donated by healthy people living donors.
Living donors are most often family members of the patient. There is a shorter wait time to surgery for a transplant from a living donor. This is because there is a waiting list for kidneys from deceased donors and not enough donors. Also, patients with kidneys donated by living donors live longer and the kidneys last longer than those with kidneys from deceased donors or who just stay on dialysis.
With modern medical techniques, the living kidney donor doesn't need to be a blood family member to get a good result. About 90, patients are on the wait list for deceased donor kidney transplants in the U. But only 10, deceased donor kidney transplants are done each year due to the lack of donated kidneys.
Sunil Karhadkar and colleagues examining short- and long-term outcomes of kidney-pancreas transplants in overweight and obese patients. Lowering your blood pressure will help you avoid kidney damage and may slow the progression of kidney disease. Follow these steps to help protect your kidneys, and learn when you should see a specialist. You may have heard some positives and negatives about being an organ donor. Transplant surgeon Dr. Antonio Di Carlo explains the facts about organ donation, and how you can register.
Search temple health. Dialysis The two major forms of dialysis are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Transplant A donated kidney may come from an anonymous donor who has recently died or from a living person, usually a relative. Points to Remember Your kidneys are vital organs that keep your blood clean and chemically balanced.
The progression of kidney disease can be slowed, but it cannot always be reversed. End-stage renal disease ESRD is the total loss of kidney function.
Dialysis and transplantation can extend the lives of people with ESRD. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the two leading causes of kidney failure. You should see a nephrologist regularly if you have renal disease. Chronic kidney disease CKD increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
Transplant Program. X-ray or ultrasound equipment will locate the kidneys and help your doctor in guiding the needle. These tests can help determine whether your kidneys are functioning as they should.
Kidney failure is classified into five stages. These range from very mild stage 1 to complete kidney failure stage 5. Symptoms and complications increase as the stages progress. This stage is very mild. You may experience no symptoms and have no visible complications. Some damage is present.
This includes eating a balanced diet, regularly exercising, and not using tobacco products. Maintaining a healthy weight is important, too. Stage 2 kidney disease is still considered a mild form, but detectable issues like protein in urine or physical damage to the kidneys may be more obvious. The same lifestyle approaches that helped in stage 1 are still used in stage 2. Also talk with your doctor about other risk factors that could make the disease progress more rapidly.
These include heart disease, inflammation, and blood disorders. At this stage kidney disease is considered moderate. Stage 3 kidney disease is sometimes divided into 3A and 3B.
A blood test that measures the amount of waste products in your body differentiates between the two. Symptoms may become more apparent at this stage. Swelling in hands and feet, back pain, and changes to urination frequently are likely. Lifestyle approaches may help. Your doctor may also consider medications to treat underlying conditions that could speed up failure. Stage 4 kidney disease is considered moderate to severe.
Symptoms can include complications like anemia, high blood pressure, and bone disease. A healthy lifestyle is still vital. Your doctor will likely have you on treatments designed to slow damage. In stage 5, your kidneys are nearing or are in complete failure.
Symptoms of the loss of kidney function will be evident. These include vomiting and nausea, trouble breathing, itchy skin, and more. There are several treatments for kidney failure.
The type of treatment you need will depend on the reason for your kidney failure. Dialysis filters and purifies the blood using a machine. The machine performs the function of the kidneys. Depending on the type of dialysis, you may be connected to a large machine or a portable catheter bag. Another treatment option is a kidney transplant.
A transplanted kidney can work normally, and dialysis is no longer needed. If you have a living donor the process may go more quickly. You must take immunosuppressive drugs after the surgery to prevent your body from rejecting the new kidney. These drugs have their own side effects, some of which are serious. Transplant surgery might not be the right treatment option for everyone. The guidelines for what you eat will often depend on the stage of kidney disease you have and your individual health.
Some recommendations might include:. Beyond these general guidelines, you may also be told to avoid certain foods if you have kidney disease. Urine color can raise flags for potential problems. Diabetes is the most common cause of kidney failure. Uncontrolled high blood sugar can damage kidneys. The damage can become worse over time. Managing blood sugar and blood pressure can help reduce damage. Taking medicines prescribed by your doctor is important, too. If you have diabetes, your doctor will likely perform regular screenings to monitor for kidney failure.
Your risk for diabetic nephropathy increases the longer you live with the condition.
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